Sanfoins Future in Wyoming :: Sanfoin Wyoming Farming Environment Essays

Sanfoin's Future in Wyoming Sainfoin, Onobrychis viciifolia is a perennial forage legume that is native to Mediterranean regions around the Black and Caspain Seas and north into Russia. Sainfoin leaves are oddly pinnate with 13-21 leaflets per leaf and produce an erect flower pink to rose in color. Sainfoin has been introduced into many other countries including Iran, Turkey, Greece, Yugoslavia, Italy, Bulgaria, Spain, Switzerland, Germany, Soviet Union, Poland, Norway and the United Kingdom. It is known that sainfoin has been grown in Europe for the past 450 years. New varieties of sainfoin such as ‘Eski’, ‘Remont’, ‘Renumex’, ‘Melrose’, and ‘Nova’ have been developed and introduced into the United States and Canada starting in the 1950s. (Gray, 2004, p. 2) Sainfoin is a non-bloating legume that has nitrogen fixation capabilities and can be used in a forage mixture. Sainfoin also is extremely palatable and nutritious for all classes of livestock and wildlife. Livestock actually prefer sainfoin even when other plants species are readily available. Other uses include wildlife habitat restoration, wildlife food plots or as a legume component in the conservation reserve program (CRP). Sainfoin is often compared to alfalfa based on its nitrogen fixation, forage capabilities, and nutritional value. The main advantages of sainfoin are the earlier maturation rate, non-bloating qualities, resistance to the alfalfa weevil and higher digestible nutrients when compared to alfalfa. Another important advantage over alfalfa is that sainfoin is resistant to the root rot phase. The earlier maturation allows for earlier spring forage for grazing and hay cutting which is beneficial to livestock operations (Gray, 2004, p. 2). Sainfoin is primarily used as a hay or pasture crop and has many characteristics beneficial to farming and ranching operations in the western states such as Wyoming, North and South Dakota, Montana and New Mexico where annual precipitation in generally low. Sainfoin is very drought resistant and does better in cold soils than alfalfa (Stannard, M). It is also shown that sainfoin thrives in soils with a pH 7.0 to 8.0 that are too dry for clover and alfalfa. Sainfoin is longer lived in dryland applications opposed to irrigated land but generally needs re-seeding every five to six years. Another interesting positive side-affect about sainfoin is the relationship it shares with honey and leaf cutting bees. The large pink flower attracts these insects and on top of producing large amounts of high quality honey, the sainfoin showed increased seed production when the bees were present.

Primarily Influence Our Role In Society Education Essay

Harmonizing to Sanderson. ( 2009 ) 4 Primary socialisation occurs in the early phases of a immature individual ‘s life and is period of development of rational, emotional and societal ego and that the household and close community are the chief agents in Primary socialisation and can find bar or part of pervert and condemnable activity. Initially From birth a kid connects with behaviors of the parents. This interaction, more frequently than non, will be with the birth female parent. Gormly ( 1997, Reissland, 1998 cited in Digiulio 2001 ) 5. Harmonizing to Bowlby ( 1969, cited in Wagner 2009 ) 6 â€Å" Attachment helps to maintain the baby and female parent relationship a close one therefore bettering the kid ‘s opportunities of endurance † . This early relationship offers sense of security and protection in which to socially larn. Trouble with doing this fond regard can take to troubles in behavior in childhood and through its life class. ( Wagner, 2009 ) 7. As the kid grows Parents need to promote society ‘s values and criterions so that conformity ( societal control ) is adopted by voluntarily agencies, instead than from authorization ( Grusec & A ; Hastings 2006 ) 8 moreover as Wagner ( 2010 ) 50 mentioning Kohlberg ‘s theory, suggests, kids go through different phases of logical thinking of moral development. At the early phase of concluding a kid will larn to conform to regulations to forestall been punished. At the following degree the kid additions an apprehension of ways to determine single demands through personal positions and by their actions. Further on the kid develops understanding of Conforming and how determinations made can determine relationships with others. At the latter phases, kids learn about consideration for society, its regulations of authorization norms, moralss and values of others. Parents can besides take a lead function in portraying morality by exposing suited behavior themselves, by Pull offing their ain emotions and interactions with others. They can put out counsel and boundaries which will enable the kid to derive logical thinking of appropriate behaviors needed in society they belong ( DoH, 2000 ) 10. Those parents on the other manus exposing pervert or condemnable behaviors in forepart of the kid ; the more likely the kid is of non developing morally but alternatively copying these behaviors and larning unacceptable traits. ( Experimental acquisition or patterning theory ) . Such behaviors learnt could be, for illustration domestic force, aggression, noncompliance, linguistic communication used, drug and intoxicant usage. We can besides understand how the impact of parental kid rise uping can impact the child behavioral development by the techniques parents use. Lannelli ( 2004 ) 11, suggests â€Å" physiologists have identified 3 types of kid raising † . Authoritarian ; Parents are in control, disciplinarian and use physical penalty. Whilst Permissive Parents are relaxed around control, set few regulations and respond in the same manner to child ‘s behaviour good or bad. Authoritative parents use learning methods, non penalizing 1s, learning kids to be accountable and understanding effects of their actions ( Operant conditioning ) . Giving Clear outlooks and following this through by reenforcing positive behavior, they do this in a caring manner. ( Lannelli, 2004 ) 12. The Impact of these Parenting Styles Wagner, ( 2009 ) 13 suggests can hold differing results for the kid. Authoritarian rearing normally leads to kids who are compliant and competent but are sad and lack societal accomplishments and self esteem. Whilst Permissive Parenting leads to kids who are unhappy, lack subject and Get into problem with authorization and have low accomplishment in school. Maccoby ( 1992 cited by Wagner, 2009 ) 14 Authoritive parenting, â€Å" consequences in kids who are happy, capable and successful † . Authoritive rearing hence is the more likely technique that would advance the kid to be socially responsible ( Wagner.2009 ) 16 and hence less likely goon of delinquency. A 4th parenting manner Maccoby & A ; Martin ( 1983, cited by Wagner.2009 ) 15 suggested was the Uninvolved Parents, who whilst functioning the kid ‘s basic demands, are normally disconnected from their kids, ensuing in the kid ‘s deficiency of self-denial, who are less capabl e and have small self regard. Furthermore when looking at how Delinquency can originate from rearing received. Harmonizing to ( Williams, 2001 P 382 ) 17 is as a consequence of deficient degrees of supervising by household members. This could be down to Single parent, absent female parent or male parent from the place ( broken households ) . Or where big households exist this would intend less clip to oversee separately ( West 1982 cited in Williams, 2001p.383 ) 18. Similarly we can see how this child/family relationship is an of import 1 has it provides emotional heat, safety, boundaries and offers stimulation and cognitive development from interactions, activities and communicating together ( DoH, 2000 ) 19 If nevertheless the deficiency of this positive relationship is losing could take to inappropriate behaviour and deviancy is learnt. Similarly as Williams ( 2001p.383 ) 20 claims that â€Å" the whole relationship Inc subject, parental inharmoniousness, low parental engagement , encouragement and supervising † are related to condemnable strong beliefs. Community/structural We can now look at the other agent of primary socialisation of kids which takes topographic point in the community and the function societal capital dramas in the control of delinquent behaviors and raising aspirations of households and immature people. As ( Putnam 2000 cited in Smith 2005 ) 21 in his book Bowling entirely suggested, societal capital helps community members sort out struggle and jobs better by working together, sharing duty in guaranting that societal norms of behaviour and conformance are respected. When community dislocation occurs, as I ‘ve witnessed by the closing of the excavation industry, people move out, houses became creaky so habited with pervert, delinquent people with low aspirations. Soon the affects of community life it ‘s functioning and regard for societal order was broken. Lack of Morality and Delinquency go apparent, and Community members become inward looking. Young people being brought in these communities learn traits through observation of those around them, its environment and from their ain household values, beliefs and behaviors. Over many old ages and with a batch of difficult work and investing in corporate societal capital, occupants and households pulled together and formed assorted action groups, which increased public and political consciousness. Streets became cleaner, safer, offense rates fell and kid development through engagement as a consequence of societal capital increased. This is strengthened as Coleman ( 1998, 1990 in Gilchrist. A, 2004 ) 22 references in his research that through strong household and community interactions immature people did good at school, shared positions on reciprocality, were responsible and helpful. Which high spots with strong investing of concerted action within community working the immature people and their households benefit and the hazard of aberrance is minimized. Secondary socialisation As the kid grows secondary Socialization takes its function on immature people, this is learnt in school and from equals. School is about larning about the ( Official Curriculum ) which is about the system of learning topics to larn and been rewarded for accomplishing through classs of attainment. School can be a topographic point to learn societal values, beliefs, and imposts in society Children learn besides about societal behavior and how to interact with equals who they are non familiar with ( Social Curriculum ) . School can besides learn immature people about the regulations, behavior, obeisance, to conform and execute outside the household and within groups and it teaches students to obey authorization figures. ( Hidden Curriculum ) .All of these can be seen to challenge some dysfunctional household ‘s beliefs, values and regulations of operation. ( Sociology cardinal online no day of the month ) 23 Children chiefly socialised within such households where aberrance has been learnt and to which is still outstanding, Id suggest would get down to fight with their instruction, socializing accomplishments and conformance to school regulations. They ‘d likely happen the systems in topographic point excessively difficult manage. These kids are at hazard of going labelled, treated as non academic winners and looked upon and taught in a different manner. As Hargreaves ( 1967 cited in Williams. 2001 p.385 ) 24 reported school kids can be seen to be categorized by possible to accomplish ; those with low outlooks are separated into low ability categories and treated otherwise. Pupils become misanthropic of school and fail to relationships with instructors. These students make relationships with their equals with comparable traits and sentiments of school, which allows them to transport out delinquent behaviour. In another survey Rutter et Al ( 1979 cited in Williams. K 2001 p.385 ) 25 found that schools with high Numberss of delinquency had high absenteeism and students achieved educational attainment these tended to be from low societal category households. What both studies highlighted more nevertheless was the ways in which instructors respond to pupil ‘s academic acquisition through subject and wages ( control ) . The non accomplishing 1s who are disciplined and who become to experience anomic and their perceptual experiences of school become damaged lose involvement in school and bead out particularly in their concluding twelvemonth, ( Williams, 2001 ) 25.This harmonizing to Box ( 1981 cited in Williams. 2001 p.386 ) 26 â€Å" may all take towards criminalism † . School does hence play a portion in making pervert and future condemnable activities through its instruction methods and course of study manners of direction and control. It can alter this by understanding troubles immature people face at place and the parenting demands of the household. And present this by supplying learning methods around conforming in a helpful supportive manner. For this to go on it needs some signifier of primary socialisation to hold taken topographic point, but this can non ever be possible. ( Williams. 2001 ) 27 Peer Groups/ sub cultural Peers socialisation can be seen with friends, brothers, of similar age, growing and adulthood, who live near by with personalities that are likewise. Children come across equal group influence at an early age ; these tend to be with household or neighbors. These interactions are closely watched by parents and so their criterions of behaviors are internalised by the kid. Even with the close supervising of the parents kids learn about societal accomplishments in group state of affairss with those similar societal individuality. As child gets older equal group interactions become more autonomous and are less supervised the kid learns about dialogue, control and leading, teamwork, give and take, etc†¦ As the immature individual reaches adolescence, equal group relationships become highly of import, lifting up to straight dispute the household ( Sociology cardinal no day of the month ) 28. It is at this phase referred to by Robert L. O'Block, Joseph F. Donnermeyer, Stephen E. Doeren 1991, p,62 ) 40 that some immature people can go delinquent through relationships with aberrant equal groups. Whilst other immature people are lawful because other groups deter and reject equals exposing improper behavior. ( Differential theory ) . Therefore equals become Socialization larning theoretical accounts and can act upon behaviors. Children desiring interaction will seek to attach to a equal group and please equals by showing behaviors to suit in. Children showing aberrant behaviors they ‘ve learnt from household and who ‘ve had bad school socialisation will be accepted by aberrant groups but rejected by other more socially conforming groups. The deviancy carries on and more so amplified. Peer Pressures accepted and its operation can take to immature people perpetrating Acts of the Apostless of criminalism instead than be rejected such Acts of the Apostless could inc ; hooliganism ; shop raising drug usage Heaven. PCL ( 1994 ) 30 suggests susceptibleness to this equal force per unit area is less likely if kids have been brought up by important parents. But as we have seen non all parents use this manner of rearing and in many fortunes kids attach themselves to peer groups as a consequence of rejection by parents. Decision The primary socialisation is a period of development that will inform the Childs sense of morality, liberty and societal behavior through its life class. It will inform or discourage a immature individual ‘s condemnable activities later in life dependent on parental duty, working and community lived in. The household ‘s ability to supply a kid with beliefs and values appropriate to conform within society and authorization will be the primary factor that will outweigh school and equal influences. School does make aberrance but as we have seen this is chiefly due to household fortunes and socialisation learnt from them. Peer socialisation besides creates aberrance but once more a kid who has received appropriate upbringing will socialize with similar equals those who have received inappropriate household socialisation or who have been rejected by parents will pull and interact with aberrant groups. It is for these grounds that I conclude that primary socialisation is more i mportant than secondary socialisation in developing forms of aberrant condemnable behavior.

Becoming American the Chinese Experience - 929 Words

Becoming American: The Chinese Experience SOCY 100 February 18, 2012 Introduction The Chinese Experience records the history of the Chinese in the United States. The three-part documentary shows how the first arrivals from China, their descendants, and recent immigrants have â€Å"become American.† It is a story about identity and belonging that is relative to all Americans. The documentary is divided into three programs, each with a focus on a particular time in history. Program 1 describes the first arrivals from China, beginning in the early 1800’s and ending in 1882, the year Congress passed the first Chinese exclusion act. Program 2, which details the years of exclusion and the way they shaped and distorted Chinese American†¦show more content†¦In 1965, the last legal barrier to Chinese immigrants fell with the signing of a new law that ended immigration quotas based on race. In the 19th and early 20th centuries the story of the Chinese in America was primarily a legal drama, played out on the nation’s borders and in courts. After the new immigration law went into effect, it became a personal story told by one individual and by one family at a time. Many new arrivals still struggle to survive and often Chinese Americans still encounter suspicion and hostility. Chinese Americans have achieved great success and now, like so many others, they are stitching together a new American identity. As Michelle Ling, a young Chinese American, tells Bill Moyers in Program 3, â€Å"I get to compose my life one piece at a time, however I feel like it. 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Bio 101 Essay - 24965 Words

Lab Manual Introductory Biology (Version 1.4)  © 2010 eScience Labs, LLC All rights reserved www.esciencelabs.com †¢ 888.375.5487 2 Table of Contents: Introduction: Lab 1: The Scientific Method Lab 2: Writing a Lab Report Lab 3: Data Measurement Lab 4: Introduction to the Microscope Biological Processes: Lab 5: The Chemistry of Life Lab 6: Diffusion Lab 7: Osmosis Lab 8: Respiration Lab 9: Enzymes The Cell: Lab 10: Cell Structure Function Lab 11: Mitosis Lab 12: Meiosis Lab 13: DNA RNA Lab 14: Mendelian Genetics Lab 15: Population Genetics 3 Common Labware found in†¦show more content†¦Lab 1: The Scientific Method Time: 1 hour Materials: None Lab 2: Writing a Lab Report Time: 1 hour (plus 24 hours preparation time and 7†10 days for observation) Materials: Paper towels, water, masking tape Lab 3: Data Measurement Time: 1 hour Materials: Water Lab 4: Introduction to the Microscope Time: 1 hour Materials: Access to ESL’s Student Portal Biological Processes: Lab 5: The Chemistry of Life Time: 1 hour (plus 24 hours preparation time) Materials: Variety of household substances, plastic wrap, water, cutting utensil Lab 6: Diffusion Time: 1.5 hours Materials: Water, watch or timer , viscous liquid from cupboard Lab 7: Osmosis Time: 1 hour (plus 3 hours for observation) Materials: Water, watch or timer, several types of potatoes, cutting utensil, paper towel Lab 8: Respiration Time: 1 hour (plus 2 hours preparation time) Materials: Water, watch or timer, paper towel Lab 9: Enzymes Time: 1 hour (plus 2 hours preparation time) Materials: Water, watch or timer, string, ice, hot water, paper towel, ginger root, at least 2 other food sources (potato, apple, etc.) The Cell: Lab 10: Cell Structure Function Time: 1 hour (plus 24 hours for observation) Materials: Water, square plasticShow MoreRelatedBio 101 Essay835 Words   |  4 PagesHow Organism Evolved Physiologically Cassi Verkade How Organism Evolved Physiologically Organisms adapt to their environment but what happens when an organism’s surroundings and environment change? 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Corporate Social Responsibility And Its Effects On...

Corporate social responsibility is something that is practiced in every company. However, every company is different and is portrayed in the way they complete their Corporate social responsibilities. Because of this, each company is unique, especially Ben and Jerry’s. Ben and Jerry’s needs very specific corporate social responsibilities and because they are environmentally friendly. First, what is CSR? CSR is corporate social responsibility, which â€Å"refers to business practices involving initiatives that benefit society. A business s CSR can encompass a wide variety of tactics, from giving away a portion of a company s proceeds to charity, to implementing greener business operations† (Sammi Caramela). â€Å"Corporate social responsibility is a corporation’s initiative to assess and take responsibility for the company’s effects on environmental and social wellbeing. The term generally applies to efforts that go beyond what may be required by regulators or environmental protection groups† (Corporate Social Responsibility). There are four main categories of social responsibility that many companies are partaking in: environmental efforts, philanthropy, ethical labor practices, and volunteering. As for environmental efforts, every company whether small or big has a large carbon footprint. Any movements a company makes to reduce that will benefit both the company and society as a whole. For philanthropy, companies are socially responsible for donating to large and small charities.Show MoreRelatedThe Impact Of Oil Exploration On Nigeria1027 Words   |  5 Pages 2004). It has however suffered the environmental impact of oil exploration with its attendant environmental degradation for years. 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The term ‘CSR’ started becoming popular since World War II and has been a subject of maj or debate over whether a firm should solely aim for making profits or also consider giving back to its society, therefore, corporate social responsibilityRead MoreEnvironmental Performance Management : Corporate Social Responsibility1052 Words   |  5 Pages Environmental Performance Management Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is a concept companies utilize to decide voluntarily in contributing to a better and cleaner environment. Growing concerns by leaders has realized the importance of CSR to maximize optimal profits of their firms. Companies integrate social and environmental concerns in their business operations as well as with their stakeholders on a voluntary basis. Labbai, (2007) defines CSR as a continuing commitment byRead MoreQuestions On Truth And Personal Ethics1083 Words   |  5 Pagesconduct. Para 3: Corporate social responsibility. Corporate social responsibility emphasises ones business to take initiative to evaluate and take responsibility for the effects on environmental and social state in which they operate. This term relates to the efforts that go beyond the standardised levels of the environmental and social requirements imposed by the government. Cooperate social responsibility advocates new problems such as an environmental responsibility, a firm s duties to its

World Issues Comparing two articles †Colin Powell at the World Summit Free Essays

Recently many of the worlds leaders met in Johannesburg for the earth summit. It was called to mark the 10th anniversary of a meeting in Rio de Janeiro which managed to set up a number of important environmental agreements. Unfortunately the USA’s president, George Bush did not attend but sent his secretary of state, Colin Powell instead. We will write a custom essay sample on World Issues: Comparing two articles – Colin Powell at the World Summit or any similar topic only for you Order Now There were 65, 000 delegates and 174 countries were represented. The first earth summit, hosted in Rio de Janeiro (1992) managed to set up several agreements, based on the environment and the future shape of global industrial development. It set up an agenda called agenda 21. This agenda set out the way that planet-wide environmental improvements could be achieved if local authorities made more of a priority of issues such as recycling and energy conservation. Now looking back at the summit from 10 years in the future, I personally think it was a failure, nothing seems to have changed. Problems such as pollution and energy conservation just seem to have gotten worse. Although things like recycling have begun to grow in some countries e. g. UK. The Articles The Sun article states facts about what happened when Colin Powell was eing â€Å"heckled†. It has little information about what was actually discussed. It could have stated the history behind the summit and the reasons for the heckling. The Times article is more â€Å"in depth†. It goes behind the summit and states its background while still stating information about Colin Powell’s heckling and also the achievements of the summit e. g. the agreement, aimed at reducing world poverty and protecting the environment. It also has statements from the some of the world leaders such as â€Å"there should not be any more such mega-summits† which was ade by the Prime Minister of Denmark and the president of the European Union. Comparing the two articles, I find that The Times article is more detailed than The Sun article. Also there are the differences in language which you find between a tabloid (Sun) and a broadsheet (Times). The Sun seems to deal with the main issue of Colin Powell’s heckling while The Times deals with the summit as a whole with Colin Powell’s heckling included. The writers approach the article in different ways because of the types of newspaper they work for (e. g. tabloid) and perhaps there ersonal opinion on the subject. The Sun article is based more on the interesting parts of the incident with Colin Powell and also has hints of the writers opinion e. g. â€Å"agreement was branded inadequate†. While The Times article deals with issues of the summit and includes information about Colin Powell’s heckling. e. g. â€Å"Powell’s speech made it clear that the Bush administration has written off the planet† Both articles are biased but The Sun is more than The Times. The Sun seems to be pro-America which means most of its comments seem to make America seem in the right and are trying to create sympathy for Colin Powell. But The Times is very critical of America â€Å"Bush has written off the planet† even though it is critical, it does not mean that its against America but it does seems to â€Å"nit-pick†. To draw this to a close, I think that The Times article and The Sun article expressed different opinions on these events. Some points were bad while others were good. I believe that The Times article is the best due to its contrast of opinion and â€Å"in depth† information of the summit. I think that the Johannesburg summit like its predecessor was a failure even though some agreements were made. Some of the delegates branded the agreements inadequate therefore not everyone liked it. Also one of the biggest problems (America) did not seem to take much notice and as I stated have written off the planet. The main problem with putting agreements into practice is that perhaps some countries will adopt a scheme but not all countries will so the problem goes on and that some of the people on these countries will not do the extra work required to make it work (e. g. Recycling) How to cite World Issues: Comparing two articles – Colin Powell at the World Summit, Papers

International Human Resource Management - myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about theInternational Human Resource Management for Employees. Answer: Teaching case Contemporary business organizations are entering in the global market in order to enhance their market share and market presence. However, in operating in the global market scenario, there are various aspects that should be considered by the business organizations. One of the key factors is the maintenance of the diversity in the workforce (Jonsen et al. 2013). This is due to the reason that, in the global business scenario, employees are being recruited from various regions across the world. Thus, these business organizations will have diversified workforce, which should be maintained effectively. This is due to the reason that, in the diversified workforce, employees belongs from different social and cultural backgrounds (Okoro and Washington 2012). In accordance to that, they will have different requirement and expectation from the organization. Thus, business organizations entering in the global market and operating with diversified employees will have to initiate effective strat egies in order to enhance the effectiveness of the diversified workforce. Qantas is one of the leading and biggest airliners in Australia as well as in the whole world. They are also one of most renowned brands in terms of the employer branding among the job seekers. However, in the recent years, they have faced the issues with their employees in their different operational units around the world. This is due to the reason that, Qantas is having their operational facilities around the world with having diversified employees (Patrick and Kumar 2012). However, one issue being faced by them is the ineffective maintenance of the employees in the workplace. According to the report being published, employees in the Qantas are having the problem with the workplace condition. Moreover, employees being recruited from different cultural and social backgrounds have also accused the organization that effective maintenance of the workforce diversity is not being enhanced. In addition, it is also been reported that, effective training and for the employees from differen t cultural backgrounds is not being initiated and thus these employees are facing challenges in effectively communicating with the local employees. For the above discussed issues, Qantas should implement effective management of human resources in order to prevent these issues. One of the key and effective measures for the business organizations is the international human resource management. Initiation of the concept of international human resource management will help the business organizations to effectively manage and fulfill the requirement of the diversified workforce. One of the key aspects of international human resource management is the recruitment. Recruiting and selecting the right employees who can get adjusted with the existing organizational culture and procedures will help to reduce the chance of employee related issues. According to Bratton and Gold (2012), there are mainly three approaches being followed in enhancing the effectiveness of the recruitment policies of the business organizations. According to the authors, one of the approaches is the initiation of the ethnocentric approach. In this case, the employe es are being selected only from the parent country of the organizations in their host country facility. Though, this model does not promote the diversity in the organization, but also helps the organizations to bring forward their organizational culture in their host country facility also. The organizational values and cultures are being effectively followed in the host country unit due to having the same culture of the employees from the parent country (Gehman, Trevino and Garud 2013). Another approach in the recruitment process is the polycentric approach. According to Tiwari (2013), polycentric approach refers to the recruitment of the employees from the host country. In this model, business organizations have the advantages of effectively determining the local market requirement due to the presence of the local employees. According to the author, in this case, the issues related to the diversity are being effectively mitigated due to the reason that entire organizational structure is being filled with the human resources from the host country. However, both of these approaches are not promoting diversity in the workforce and thus, there is less chance of having the issues related to the diversity. On the other hand, it is to be noted that in the initiation of the process of the international human resource management, these approaches will help to effectively manage the employees from social and cultural backgrounds (Jeon and Choi 2012). Moreover, though diversi fied workforce cannot be maintained with these two approaches but these will help the business organizations to maintain the employees from the same social backgrounds in different operational facilities around the world. Another approach in the recruitment process is the geocentric approach. According to Guo, Rammal and Dowling (2016), polycentric is the only staffing approach in the international human resource management that promotes having diversified employees in the organization. According to this approach, business organizations selects employees both from the host and home countries based on the organizational requirement and skill and expertise of the candidates. This approach promotes having employees from different social backgrounds in the organization. Effective implementation of the above stated steps will help Qantas to reduce the probability of the employee related issues. Moreover, with having effective policy of recruitment of the employees, Qantas will have the access to the skilled and expertise employees, which will further help them to enhance the competitive advantages of them in the market. As discussed earlier, employees from different cultures and social backgrounds had accused the organization of not initiating the effective working environment in the workplace. Thus, initiation of effective training programs will be beneficial for the organization due to the reason that, employees will be trained with the domestic culture of the host country (Ford 2014). Thus, the issues related to the employees from different social background can be mitigated. Another recommended measure will be the initiation of the effective policy of diversity and equality among the employees. This is due to the reason that, if the employees fro m different social backgrounds can be given equal representation in the organization, then all the employees will feel involved in the organization and employee related issues will be reduced and prevented. Model answers What will be benefits of effective management of the workforce diversity? Workforce diversity is one of the major aspects that should be considered by the business organizations in the current business scenario. According to Podsiadlowski, Grschke, Kogler, Springer and Van Der Zee (2013), effective management of the diversity in the workplace will have positive implications on the employee engagement. This is due to the reason that, due to the reason of effective management of the diversity in the organization, employees will feel motivated if the particular community from where they belong is being given the proper attention. Thus, the effectiveness and the productivity of the employees will get enhanced. According to the theory being stated by Maslow regarding the motivational level in the workplace, it is being stated that various factors should be considered to enhance the level of motivation of the employees. If the working environment in the organization can be effectively maintained then the safety needs and love and belonging needs of the employees will get fulfilled. Thus, with the effective maintenance of the diversity in the organization, the working environment in the organization will get enhanced. This will in turn help the employees to feel more motivated in the organization. In addition, with having the motivated employees in the organization, the organizational productivity will get increased along with the increase in the level of satisfaction of the employees. Thus, the above identified issues can be avoided. What will be negative implication of employee issues for Qantas? As discussed earlier, there are various issues being identified in the internal management of Qantas. One of the key issues being identified is the lack of maintenance of diversity among the employees. There will be various negative implications for these identified issues for the organization. One of the key implications will be the lack of motivation among the employees. This is due to the reason that, if the diversity is not being maintained in the workforce, then employees will feel connected with other internal stakeholders in the organization belonging from the different social backgrounds. Thus, the initiation of the mutual trust and cooperation among the employees will not get enhanced. It will also affect the relationship between the internal stakeholders. Another key implication from the above identified issues will be providence of ineffective customer service. This is due to the reason that, if the employees are not being involved and engaged in the organization, then they cannot be able to provide effective service to the customers. Thus, the customer satisfaction level will get affected along with the customer loyalty of Qantas. According to the opinion being given by Anitha (2014), employee engagement will determine the performance of the employees in the organization. This is due to the reason that, as per the author, the more engaged will be the employees, the more effectiveness and performance of the employees. They will feel more involved in the organization. Thus, it will in turn enhance the customer service quality. However, as discussed earlier, ineffective management of the diversity in the organization will de-motivate the employees and it will adversely affect the performance and effectiveness of the employees of Qantas . What are the advantages of effective international human resource management? For the contemporary business organizations, managing the employees is one of the key aspects that should be considered by them in order to gain competitive advantages in the market. This is due to the reason that, the more effectively the employees will be managed, the more engaged will be the employees in the organization. Moreover, initiation of the effective human resource management will further help the organization to train and equip the employees in meeting the organizational challenges (Beardwell and Thompson 2014). As discussed in the above case, majority of the contemporary business organizations are operating in the global market and thus they are having diversified employees from different cultural and social backgrounds. In this case, initiation of the international human resource management will be more beneficial due to the reason that, it will help the organization to effectively manage and fulfill the diversified requirement and expectation of the employees. According to Jiang, Lepak, Hu and Baer (2012), initiation of human resource management will further help the organization to provide effective customer service. Moreover, due to the reason that, Qantas is an service organization and they deals directly with the end customers, thus providing effective customer service is having more benefits for them. As discussed in the above case, initiation of the international human resource management involves initiation of various recruitment approaches to select the right employees for the right job (Koskan et al. 2013). Moreover, implementing the different approaches in different situations will help them to achieve positive outcome from the internal management. What should be done in order to enhance the diversity policy for Qantas? Enhancing the diversity policy in the organization is much important for Qantas due to the reason that, it will create the effective understanding and mutual cooperation among the employees, which will in turn reduce the chance of employee oriented issues in the organization. One of the key measures should be taken by them is to provide training to the entire workforce consisting both the employees from the home and host countries (Topno 2012). Providence of the training will help the organization to aware the employees about the benefits of the workforce diversity. Thus, the employees will have the awareness about the benefits of having the diversified workforce in the organization. Another measure that can be initiated by Qantas is the initiation of the geocentric approach of staffing. This is due to the reason that, geocentric approach will help the organization to select employees from both the home and host countries. Thus, the workforce will have the employees from various social and cultural backgrounds (Treven 2017). The more will be differentiation among the social background of the employees, the more they will be motivated to communicate with other employees. Thus, it will in turn help the organization to have effective diversity in the workforce of them. Reference Anitha, J., 2014. Determinants of employee engagement and their impact on employee performance.International journal of productivity and performance management. Beardwell, J. and Thompson, A., 2014.Human resource management: a contemporary approach. Pearson Education. Bratton, J. and Gold, J., 2012.Human resource management: theory and practice. Palgrave Macmillan. Ford, J.K., 2014.Improving training effectiveness in work organizations. Psychology Press. Gehman, J., Trevino, L.K. and Garud, R., 2013. Values work: A process study of the emergence and performance of organizational values practices.Academy of Management Journal,56(1), pp.84-112. Guo, Y., Rammal, H.G. and Dowling, P.J., 2016. Global talent management and staffing in MNEs: An introduction to the edited volume of international business and management. InGlobal Talent Management and Staffing in MNEs(pp. xv-xxiv). Emerald Group Publishing Limited. Jeon, H. and Choi, B., 2012. The relationship between employee satisfaction and customer satisfaction.Journal of Services Marketing,26(5), pp.332-341. Jiang, K., Lepak, D.P., Hu, J. and Baer, J.C., 2012. How does human resource management influence organizational outcomes? A meta-analytic investigation of mediating mechanisms.Academy of management Journal,55(6), pp.1264-1294. Jonsen, K., Tatli, A., zbilgin, M.F. and Bell, M.P., 2013. The tragedy of the uncommons: Reframing workforce diversity.Human Relations,66(2), pp.271-294. Koskan, A.M., Hilfinger Messias, D.K., Friedman, D.B., Brandt, H.M. and Walsemann, K.M., 2013. Program planners' perspectives of promotora roles, recruitment, and selection.Ethnicity health,18(3), pp.262-279. Okoro, E.A. and Washington, M.C., 2012. Workforce diversity and organizational communication: Analysis of human capital performance and productivity.Journal of Diversity Management (Online),7(1), p.57. Patrick, H.A. and Kumar, V.R., 2012. Managing workplace diversity: Issues and challenges.Sage Open,2(2), p.2158244012444615. Podsiadlowski, A., Grschke, D., Kogler, M., Springer, C. and Van Der Zee, K., 2013. Managing a culturally diverse workforce: Diversity perspectives in organizations.International Journal of Intercultural Relations,37(2), pp.159-175. Tiwari, N., 2013. Managing human resources in international organizations.Global Journal of Management and Business Studies,3(4), pp.355-360. Topno, H., 2012. Evaluation of training and development: An analysis of various models.IOSR Journal of Business and Management,5(2), pp.16-22. Treven, S., 2017. Human resource management in international organizations.Management: journal of contemporary management issues,6(1-2), pp.177-189.